KABUL, Afghanistan (AP) ? An apparent insider attack by Afghan forces has killed a U.S. service member and a foreign civilian contractor with NATO, officials said Sunday. The shooting ?the latest in a string of attacks on international troops by their Afghan allies ? marked the 2,000th U.S. troop death in Afghanistan over the long-running conflict.
A U.S. official confirmed that the service member killed was American. The official spoke on condition of anonymity because the nationality of the dead had not yet been formally announced.
At least two Afghan soldiers were also killed in Saturday's attack at an Afghan army checkpoint in Wardak province, said Shahidullah Shahid, a provincial government spokesman.
An Afghan soldier turned his gun on the Americans and started shooting, Shahid said. He said the checkpoint was in Sayd Abad district, just outside a joint U.S.-Afghan base.
"Initial reports indicate that a misunderstanding happened between Afghan army soldiers and American soldiers," Shahid said. He said investigators had been sent to the site to try to figure out what happened.
An Afghan military spokesman declined to comment.
Afghan soldiers and policemen ? or militants in their uniforms ? have gunned down more than 50 foreign troops so far this year, eroding the trust between coalition forces and their Afghan partners. An equal number of Afghan policemen and soldiers also died in these attacks, giving them reason as well to be suspicious of possible infiltrators within their ranks.
The attacks are taking a toll on the partnership between international and Afghan forces, prompting the U.S. military to restrict operations with small-sized Afghan units earlier this month.
The close contact ? with coalition forces working side by side with Afghan troops as advisers, mentors and trainers ? is a key part of the U.S. strategy for putting the Afghans in the lead as the U.S. and other nations prepare to pull out their last combat troops at the end of 2014, just 27 months away.
Fans in Glendale, Arizona were expecting to see a concert with their favorite teen pop star, The Biebs. What they were not expecting was to see Justin Bieber vomit on stage but that is exactly what happend during the first show of his new tour, you can see a video of the little concert interruption below. It was a big night for Justin Bielber as he kicked off his highly anticipated Believe tour and it would appear that nerves or something, perhaps Bieber fever got the best of the teen idol because mid song he threw up on stage. I know it sounds disgusting and by the looks of it from the video it was pretty disgusting. Apparently a couple of times during the show Justin had to leave the stage to get sick but one time he just couldn’t make it and well it all came out on stage for fans to see. Later after the show was over the singer sent out this Tweet “Milk was a bad choice! Lol. Great show. Getting better for tomorrow?s show”. That little explanation or whatever you want to call it was followed by a picture of The Biebs resting in bed [...]
DOVER, Del. (AP) ? Joey Logano dominated on the concrete to win the Nationwide Series race at Dover International Speedway.
Logano raced to his series-leading victory of the season Saturday, winning for the 16th time in NASCAR's second-tier circuit.
Paul Menard was second, followed by Michael Annett, points leader Elliott Sadler and Kyle Busch.
Logano swept the Dover races this season. He powered his way to the lead with six laps left in the June race. This win was easier. He led all but the early laps in the No. 18 Toyota.
FRIDAY, Sept. 28 (HealthDay News) ? Most people know the frustration of having a word on the ?tip of your tongue? that they simply can?t remember. But that passing nuisance can be an everyday occurrence for someone with aphasia, a communication disorder caused by a stroke or other brain damage that impairs the ability to process language.
About 1 million Americans ? roughly one in every 250 ? are affected by aphasia, which can also impact reading and writing skills. But how they acquire the problem and how long they?ll endure it differ from person to person, explained Ellayne Ganzfried, a speech-language pathologist and executive director of the National Aphasia Association.
?No two people with aphasia are alike because everyone?s brain responds to the injury in a different way,? Ganzfried said. ?About half of people who have aphasia recover quickly, within the first few days. If the symptoms of aphasia last longer than two or three months, a complete recovery is unlikely ? [though] some people continue to improve over a period of years and even decades.?
Strokes are the most common cause, followed by head injuries, tumors, migraines or other neurological issues. Depending on the damage to the brain regions controlling language, which are typically in the left hemisphere, the resulting aphasia can be broken into four broad categories:
Difficulty expressing thoughts through speech or writing
Difficulty understanding spoken or written language
Difficulty using the correct names for objects, people, places or events
Loss of almost all language function, with no ability to speak or understand speech.
?Processing language requires the collaboration of lots of different parts or systems of the brain,? explained Karen Riedel, director of speech-language pathology at the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City. ?The whole brain ?talks? ? the whole brain has something to do with the use of language.?
Because of this, a variety of therapies are used to help people regain as much speech and language as possible. But regardless of the injury, people with aphasia have the best chances for recovery when language therapy begins immediately, Riedel said.
Because aphasia is so variable, a therapy that helps one person might not help another, she noted. Tried-and-true techniques include melodic intonation therapy, which uses melody and rhythm to help improve the ability to retrieve words, and constraint-induced therapy, which forces people to use speech over other communication methods.
But technology, Riedel said, has introduced new language-improvement techniques into the mix over the last few years that are both exciting and fun. Several apps available for iPhone or iPad involve synthetic speech that helps engage those with aphasia in yet another realm of communication.
?Our patients have much more access to different kinds of programs that are computer-based,? she said. ?There?s always something new around the corner.?
What remains a constant concern, however, is the misunderstanding many people have of those with language difficulties and how to treat them, Ganzfried and Riedel agreed.
?Many people with aphasia will become socially isolated because of their communication difficulties, which can lead to depression,? Ganzfried said. ?There are also many misconceptions about aphasia, including that the person is mentally unstable or under the influence of drugs or alcohol. It?s also extremely frustrating. Imagine knowing what you want to say in your head but you can?t get the words out.?
More information
The U.S. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders has more about aphasia.
A companion article relates a new mom?s battle with aphasia.
SOURCES: Ellayne Ganzfried, M.S., speech-language pathologist, and executive director, National Aphasia Association, New York City; Karen Riedel, Ph.D., director, speech-language pathology, Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York City
This Week?s Lifestyle Properties and Open Homes | Shaun Tong ? Hawke?s Bay Lifestyle Specialist
Contact Shaun Tong Property Brokers for assistance with your next rural lifestyle real estate property sale or purchase in the Hawkes Bay area of New Zealand (NZ).
Michigan State's Le'Veon Bell, right, celebrates his touchdown with teammate Bennie Fowler (13) during the fourth quarter of an NCAA college football game against Eastern Michigan, Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012, in East Lansing, Mich. Bell rushed for a career-high 253 yards and a touchdown to help Michigan State win 23-7.(AP Photo/Al Goldis)
Michigan State's Le'Veon Bell, right, celebrates his touchdown with teammate Bennie Fowler (13) during the fourth quarter of an NCAA college football game against Eastern Michigan, Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012, in East Lansing, Mich. Bell rushed for a career-high 253 yards and a touchdown to help Michigan State win 23-7.(AP Photo/Al Goldis)
Ohio State's Urban Meyer coaches against UAB during the fourth quarter of an NCAA college football game Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012, in Columbus, Ohio. (AP Photo/Jay LaPrete)
Michigan State coach Mark Dantonio walks the sideline during the third quarter of an NCAA college football game against Eastern Michigan, Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012, in East Lansing, Mich. Michigan State won 23-7. (AP Photo/Al Goldis)
Ohio State quarterback Braxton Miller throws a pass against Alabama-Birmingham during the first quarter of an NCAA college football game Saturday, Sept. 22, 2012, in Columbus, Ohio. (AP Photo/Jay LaPrete)
EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) ? For years, Mark Dantonio and Ohio State were on fairly cozy terms.
Dantonio was a defensive coordinator there ? a protege of coach Jim Tressel ? before moving on and eventually taking over at Michigan State. He grew up an hour from the Buckeyes' home field, and his wife is an Ohio State graduate.
Times change, though. The Tressel era came to an unceremonious end. Urban Meyer is coaching the Buckeyes now, and for Dantonio, Ohio State is now simply a rival.
"It does make it easier," Dantonio said. "I know Urban, everything. Good guy, all that kind of stuff. It makes it easier when you don't have a real personal attachment because it's tough when you play against your good friends."
The 20th-ranked Spartans host the 14th-ranked Buckeyes on Saturday ? a tone-setting Big Ten opener if there ever was one. It will be Meyer's first conference game since taking over at Ohio State, and although the Buckeyes aren't eligible for the Big Ten title, there's a sense they could be the league's best team.
Michigan State, on the other hand, is still eyeing a Rose Bowl berth that narrowly eluded the Spartans the last two seasons. Dantonio's team made quite a statement at Ohio State last year, racking up nine sacks in a 10-7 win. Michigan State (3-1) brings back many of the same defensive standouts from that team, but the Buckeyes (4-0) hope they've improved.
"We made it through our preseason 4-0," Meyer said. "We have a lot of work to do to become a better football team in all three phases. We'd better do it fast because we're facing an excellent team in a tough environment."
Ohio State's unbeaten start included a win over California, while Michigan State knocked off Boise State in its opener. The Spartans also lost to Notre Dame and weren't sharp in a victory last weekend over Eastern Michigan.
Ohio State's defense is currently ranked last in the Big Ten, but quarterback Braxton Miller has already thrown for seven touchdowns and run for another seven.
With new quarterback Andrew Maxwell taking over and throwing to an inexperienced corps of receivers, Michigan State has leaned heavily on running back Le'Veon Bell, who already has 610 yards on 117 carries.
"Get him before he gets to you," Buckeyes safety Orhian Johnson said. "That's definitely the thing. You definitely want to get to him before he gets started because he's real top-heavy and you know he's going to run downfield. He's got good feet, so you can't just chop at him, but you have to make sure you get up there, you wrap him up and get your boys there for you."
It's hard to say what the outlook is among Michigan State players because they weren't available to the media this week. It's not unusual for the Spartans to close ranks before a big game, and this certainly qualifies.
"Has nothing to do with the press as much as it does with how we handle ourselves, our team, what we need to be dealing with and thinking about," Dantonio said. "I sometimes think that media talk and pressure sort of gets them thinking in different directions. I wanted to close our group and concentrate on us."
At least this time, Dantonio doesn't have to answer questions about facing his former boss. Now, Ohio State is just another strong program with an accomplished coach.
"The one who left two years ago won a national championship," Dantonio said, referring to Tressel. "It's just another great coach coming into our conference, doing his thing. I don't know what impact. It's a great conference. I just see it as another guy you've got to compete with recruiting on the field, tied together schematically, doing a great job, good recruiter. There's a lot of that going on in this league."
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A?1 percent tax on billionaires around the world. ?A tax on all currency trading in the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Japanese yen and the British pound sterling.? ?Another? ?tiny?? tax on all financial transactions, including stock and bond trading, and trading in financial derivatives. ?New taxes on carbon emissions and on airline tickets. ?A royalty on all undersea mineral resources extracted more than 100 miles offshore of any nation?s territory. The United Nations is at it again:? finding new and ?innovative? ways to create global taxes that would transfer hundreds of billions, and even trillions, of dollars from the rich nations of the world ? especially the U.S. ? to poorer ones, in line with U.N.-directed economic, social and environmental development. These latest global tax proposals have received various forms of endorsement at U.N. meetings over the spring and summer, and will be entered into the record during the 67th? U.N. General Assembly session, which began this week. The agenda for the entire session, lasting through December, is scheduled to be finalized on Friday. How to convince developed countries wracked by economic recession and spiraling levels of government debt ? especially the U.S. ? is another issue, which the world organization may well end up trying to finesse. As the U.N. itself notes, in a major report on the taxation topic titled, ?In Search of New Development Finance? -- the main topic at a high-level international meeting of the U.N.?s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) this summer -- ?These proposals are subject to political controversy. For instance, many countries are not willing to support international forms of taxation, as these are said to undermine national sovereignty.?
The world organization, and its constellation of funds, agencies and programs, has been pushing ?innovative financing? for nearly a decade.
- The U.N. clearly hopes it can find a way to move ahead. ? Politically, tapping revenue from global resources and raising taxes internationally to address global problems are much more difficult than taxing for purely domestic purposes,? admits an ECOSOC document produced last April. But, it summarizes, ??the time has come to confront the challenge.? Shortly thereafter, the tax proposals ? known in U.N.-speak as ?innovative methods of financing?-- got a limited endorsement from a group of government ministers and other heads of national delegations who attended a major ECOSOC meeting in New York City in July. The global taxation idea was echoed this week by Jeffrey Sachs, head of Columbia University?s Earth Institute and also a U.N. Assistant Secretary General. Sachs was recently named by U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon to head a new intellectual lobbying group of experts called the Sustainable Development Solutions Network.? It ?will work closely with United Nations agencies, multilateral financing institutions and other international organizations,? according to the Earth Institute website. On Monday, the controversial economist, a vociferous supporter of the Occupy Wall Street movement, called on President Obama to implement a carbon tax that in turn could be used to finance bonds, paying for investments to combat ?climate change? -- one of the major focuses of the new solutions network. Sachs was quoted by Bloomberg News as declaring that, ?I?m happy to have the future pay for a lot of this. It doesn?t have to be current financed.? In the midst of a heated U.S. national election campaign, any official endorsement of those views is unlikely. Nonetheless, the U.N. is taking a longer view. The world organization, and its constellation of funds, agencies and programs, has been pushing ?innovative financing? for nearly a decade, since the topic was discussed in depth at an international conference in 2002.? The topic was endorsed again at the failed Rio + 20 conference last summer, without much detail attached. But the need for new revenue is becoming more urgent as the world?s rich countries, gripped in recession, no longer hand out foreign aid with the same generosity as before ? though the total reached $133 billion annually last year--while the demands for huge additional amounts of money for social and climate issues continues to grow. Earlier this year, for example, the overseers of a new, U.N.-sponsored? Green Climate Fund held their first meeting in Bonn to contemplate the spending of some $30 billion annually ? rising to $100 billion by 2020 ? to meet climate change needs in developing countries.? Where all that money will come from is still not clear. The U.N.?s latest roster of tax possibilities certainly has what the New Development Finance Report calls ?large fundraising potential.? Or, at least some of them do. An around-the-world tax of $25 per ton on carbon dioxide emissions in rich countries, the report says, could raise some $250 billion a year. That new billionaire?s tax would raise anywhere from $40 billion to $50 billion per year, the report estimates, though it adds that the idea ?is not yet in any international agenda.? CLICK HERE FOR A TAX LIST The U.N. places the same estimated value on the proposed currency tax ($40 billion), and roughly the same thing on its proposed financial tax ($15 billion to $75 billion). Even more innovative is a notion to, in effect, borrow the lines of credit allocated to rich countries themselves at the International Monetary Fund, and? ?leverage? them to create new investment funds for the world?s poor. How to do this while preserving those credit lines as a reserve asset that rich countries could draw on when required, the report admits, remains to be seen. Another ?innovative? idea that may have trouble staying afloat is the notion of charging royalties on undersea minerals more than 100 miles offshore, within what are called ?exclusive economic zones? ? in effect, inside some country?s sovereign economic territory. The sensitive issue here is that the world?s current ?exclusive economic zones? extend 200 miles offshore ? meaning that the U.N. is suggesting that it collect royalties on mineral wealth on half the ?exclusive? territory, which it refers to in the report as part of the ?global commons.? For most nations, excluding the U.S., those 200 mile zones were established by the U.N.-sponsored Law of the Sea Treaty, known as LOST, which came into force in 1994 after it was signed and ratified by 162 countries. (The U.S. signed but has not ratified LOST; its 200-mile ?exclusive economic zone? was established by presidential decree.) The new, 100-mile royalty proposal in the U.N.?s financing report would require a new agreement to hand over proceeds from half of that territory to the U.N.-sponsored International Seabed Authority. George Russell is executive editor of Fox News and can be found on Twitter @GeorgeRussell Click for more stories by George Russell.
Jim Bell, an executive producer at?Today, wants you to know that "it was absolutely" his "call" to fire Ann Curry, throwing himself in front of the criticism Matt Lauer was getting from Curry fans.?Even though Today's ratings have been sagging? ?and the ,?nothing too terrible has happened?the show hasn't ended, the cheeriness is still there, Kathie Lee is still drinking before noon?and now Bell has come forward to claim responsibility for the call. "It was definitely not Matt?s call," . ...
Many of us grew up with a pet in our home. Whether a dog, cat, bird, fish or ferret, that pet was a part of the family.
A recent study indicates that seniors who live independently with a pet in the home live a healthier, longer and happier life due to better physical and emotional well-being. Seniors who own a pet are more likely to have a positive outlook since their pets ward off depression and loneliness. This improved state of health results in a lower incidence of seeking medical care and reduced healthcare costs. As a matter of fact, in a study of 1,000 Medicare patients, pet owners had 21% fewer physician?s contacts than non-dog owners.
As our senior loved ones age, so do their pets. Oftentimes, after the kids leave the nest, elders have only their beloved pets for companionship. These furry friends are the reason for our senior adults to get going everyday ? Scruffy needs to eat, Fluffy needs some water or it?s time for a walk!
Unfortunately, there are times that not only do our seniors need your care, but so do their pets.
What is your plan for your parent?s dog or cat or bird if they should have to go to a facility and no longer able to stay in their home or simply become unable to care for them on their own?
Recently, we had to leave our four-legged family member in the vet ?hotel? for many days and it was heart wrenching for us all. It made us think about what might happen if we couldn?t keep him with us in our home, no matter that ?home? has changed to a senior living facility.
Solutions for the Care of Your Senior?s Pets
The first best course would be that a close family member would be able to adopt your senior?s dog, cat or bird so that your senior can still maintain a relationship with it. My grandmother?s companion was her bird. She loved that little thing! I remember how I used to go to grandma?s to see her birds (she had many over the years!).
Find an adoption center that will find a new home for your senior?s pet. Not a great solution because then your senior won?t be able to visit with his or her pet but at least they will know the pet will be provided necessary care and love in another home.
Board your senior?s pet with the vet for an extended stay. Naturally, this will cost money but at least the pet will be able to visit with his ?mom or dad? regularly.? We know a few seniors whose adult children live far away. When their parents entered an assisted living facility for more supervision, their pets weren?t welcome and they now board their parents? pets, which allows for a visit as often as possible and the pet is lovingly care for by the doctor?s staff.
Find a pet-friendly place for your senior loved one to live if extra care is needed. Smaller personal care homes may accept a cat or even a dog in the facility as long as their daily care and food is covered by your senior. Several facilities will accept a fishbowl in the room as long as the family keeps it maintained.
Naturally, the ideal situation would be to age in place as long as it remains safe so that your senior loved can remain with their companions as long as possible.
Staying healthy, eating and drinking well, staying physically active and engaged in the community will increase the likelihood of our seniors staying in their homes as long as possible and with their pets. We shouldn?t overlook even small lifestyle changes to keep our seniors healthy as they age.
It is estimated that of 57% of adults aged 50-64 years own pets, as do 43% of those aged 65 and older.
Let?s also remember to keep the pets as healthy as possible to ease the burden on our seniors for their care. Regular veterinarian visits, shots when needed, playtime, exercise and love will help keep your senior?s pets healthy companions. We love this website, From Our Dogs to Yours, for ideas for your dog selected by ?the dogs who run the site.
We would love to hear your suggestions for how you handled a transition for your senior?s pets!
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I know that I only teach preschool, but even preschool teachers have to have lesson plans. I want my students to be prepared to take on Kindergarten full force. That means they need to learn the basics of every subject. Because of this, I?m preparing a mathematics lesson plan for the week. I will probably do this for the rest of the year as well. It?s never too early to begin teaching math concepts that build the foundation for higher level math down the road.
There are plenty of issues that one could function as a residence-based enterprise, that almost any person could find some thing they could be great at. Some need promoting, while some emphasis much more on network or generating a product or service. This article will assist you to know how anyone can be part of this developing area of our economic climate.
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Possessing a house-centered company signifies you could establish how much money you are making. Your income is specifically associated with how difficult you operate and how great you happen to be in your certain business design. This article has presented you tips about generating your small business the most effective it may be
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Tyller Myers inside his truck before the accident (Facebook)Authorities say a young driver from Norwalk, Ohio, who died in a traffic accident may have been stealing stop signs shortly before his death.
The Norwalk Reflector reports that 19-year-old Tyller Myers was killed after he ran a stop sign in his Ford F-150 pickup truck and was struck by a tractor-trailer, according to police.
And when police began investigating the accident, they found three stop signs inside Myers' truck, which Sgt. Jason Demuth said had been stolen from intersections along the route Myers had been traveling before his accident.
While Myers was pronounced dead at the scene of the accident, the driver of the tractor-trailer, Kevin Heter, was flown to the hospital with non-life-threatening injuries.
Investigating Trooper Tim Hoffman said Myers was not wearing his seat belt at the time of the accident.
Source: www.nytimes.com --- Sunday, September 23, 2012 When Internet factories come to town, they can feel less like their sleek, clean and convenient image and more like old-time manufacturing. ...
Finding the right game for your Android device can be hard. Are you a tower defense kind of guy or are you in the mood for a Bejeweled clone? Do you like zombies? The military? Fart apps? Thankfully, there's the GameGenomeProject, a discovery engine that helps you find games that match your mood. The system is fairly simple right now - there are only four characteristics to choose from including one for "Undead" - but the idea of a Pandora for games is pretty compelling.
AIT awarded research grant on sustainable decentralized wastewater management systemsPublic release date: 24-Sep-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Dr. Thammarat Koottatep thamarat@ait.ac.th Asian Institute of Technology
'Reinvent the toilet: For urban poor in Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam'
A team of scientists at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Thailand are set to reinvent the toilet in three developing countries in Asia.
In a bid to find sustainable solutions to the current sanitation problems faced by the urban poor not just in Thailand, but also in Cambodia and Vietnam the researchers have embarked on a five-year project made possible by a US $5-million (150-million Baht) grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in the United States.
AIT was one of 61 grant recipients from the Gates Foundation's Water, Sanitation, & Hygiene Team in 2011. The Environmental Engineering and Management field of study at AIT's School of Environment, Resources and Development is the new project holder for the field research project on "Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems" lasting from 2012.
Of the 2.5 billion people without access to sanitation, 75% live in the Asia and Pacific region. In many developing countries, sanitation coverage depends on homeowners investing in toilets with onsite storage systems for human excreta, in the form of a pit or septic tank.
"Having toilets and onsite storage systems are not enough to make sanitation safe and sustainable. All too frequently, onsite storage systems malfunction due to a lack of information on the lifespan, poor operation and maintenance such as desludging," says project leader Dr. Thammarat Koottatep, Associate Professor at the Asian Institute of Technology. It is not uncommon for untreated effluent and the emptied sludge from onsite storage systems, so-called Fecal Sludge, to be discharged into nearby rivers or the neighborhood.
Dr. Thammarat believes the key to providing extensive sanitation coverage is to focus on reinventing innovative, decentralized systems. Decentralized systems provide the advantage of flexibility, in that different treatment technologies can be combined to meet the required goals of treating human excreta and wastewater from homes and businesses. In addition, decentralized systems have the advantage of saving homeowners the cost of connecting to a sewer, and eliminate the environmental burden of transporting large quantities of wastewater to the treatment plant.
The project officially titled Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Management in Developing Countries. Design, Operation and Monitoring uses a "Market-driven Approach" to ensure the innovative decentralized systems are saleable and affordable to the urban poor.
The 5-year project will be carried out in three phases: Phase I) creating a platform for innovation; Phase II) designing and developing lead options for commercialization; and Phase III) catalyzing commercialization of lead options.
Of the 20 million cubic meters of domestic wastewater produced per day in Thailand, only 1.6 million cubic meters are collected in sewer networks and sent to treatment plants, many of which do not function. The figures for fecal sludge are equally alarming: in Thailand, 60,000 tons of fecal sludge is collected per day, but only 4,500 tons per day (i.e., less than 10%) are treated correctly. This project aims to double the amount of correctly treated fecal sludge, with innovative business models.
The overarching aim of this research is to reinvent decentralized systems and technologies for treatment and safe disposal of human excreta and wastewater from dwellings and businesses close to their sources. The ultimate goal of the project is to catalyze the commercialization of novel, superior decentralized wastewater treatment systems aimed at radically improving sanitation for the poor, particularly in urban areas.
Dr. Thammarat says a market-led approach focused on the needs of potential customers and users will frame technology development and innovation so as to generate bona fide marketplace demand. Products derived from the project will include treatment technologies that are applicable in developing countries and are based on sound scientific, technical and market evidence.
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AIT awarded research grant on sustainable decentralized wastewater management systemsPublic release date: 24-Sep-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Dr. Thammarat Koottatep thamarat@ait.ac.th Asian Institute of Technology
'Reinvent the toilet: For urban poor in Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam'
A team of scientists at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Thailand are set to reinvent the toilet in three developing countries in Asia.
In a bid to find sustainable solutions to the current sanitation problems faced by the urban poor not just in Thailand, but also in Cambodia and Vietnam the researchers have embarked on a five-year project made possible by a US $5-million (150-million Baht) grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in the United States.
AIT was one of 61 grant recipients from the Gates Foundation's Water, Sanitation, & Hygiene Team in 2011. The Environmental Engineering and Management field of study at AIT's School of Environment, Resources and Development is the new project holder for the field research project on "Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems" lasting from 2012.
Of the 2.5 billion people without access to sanitation, 75% live in the Asia and Pacific region. In many developing countries, sanitation coverage depends on homeowners investing in toilets with onsite storage systems for human excreta, in the form of a pit or septic tank.
"Having toilets and onsite storage systems are not enough to make sanitation safe and sustainable. All too frequently, onsite storage systems malfunction due to a lack of information on the lifespan, poor operation and maintenance such as desludging," says project leader Dr. Thammarat Koottatep, Associate Professor at the Asian Institute of Technology. It is not uncommon for untreated effluent and the emptied sludge from onsite storage systems, so-called Fecal Sludge, to be discharged into nearby rivers or the neighborhood.
Dr. Thammarat believes the key to providing extensive sanitation coverage is to focus on reinventing innovative, decentralized systems. Decentralized systems provide the advantage of flexibility, in that different treatment technologies can be combined to meet the required goals of treating human excreta and wastewater from homes and businesses. In addition, decentralized systems have the advantage of saving homeowners the cost of connecting to a sewer, and eliminate the environmental burden of transporting large quantities of wastewater to the treatment plant.
The project officially titled Sustainable Decentralized Wastewater Management in Developing Countries. Design, Operation and Monitoring uses a "Market-driven Approach" to ensure the innovative decentralized systems are saleable and affordable to the urban poor.
The 5-year project will be carried out in three phases: Phase I) creating a platform for innovation; Phase II) designing and developing lead options for commercialization; and Phase III) catalyzing commercialization of lead options.
Of the 20 million cubic meters of domestic wastewater produced per day in Thailand, only 1.6 million cubic meters are collected in sewer networks and sent to treatment plants, many of which do not function. The figures for fecal sludge are equally alarming: in Thailand, 60,000 tons of fecal sludge is collected per day, but only 4,500 tons per day (i.e., less than 10%) are treated correctly. This project aims to double the amount of correctly treated fecal sludge, with innovative business models.
The overarching aim of this research is to reinvent decentralized systems and technologies for treatment and safe disposal of human excreta and wastewater from dwellings and businesses close to their sources. The ultimate goal of the project is to catalyze the commercialization of novel, superior decentralized wastewater treatment systems aimed at radically improving sanitation for the poor, particularly in urban areas.
Dr. Thammarat says a market-led approach focused on the needs of potential customers and users will frame technology development and innovation so as to generate bona fide marketplace demand. Products derived from the project will include treatment technologies that are applicable in developing countries and are based on sound scientific, technical and market evidence.
###
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
This waterspout formed in Lake Erie on Sunday. The photo was taken looking east towards Cleveland, Ohio, from Lorain, Ohio.
By Miguel Llanos, NBC News
The Cleveland Browns football team hosted a special pregame show on Sunday: a waterspout seen from the lakeside stadium before sputtering out harmlessly. It was one of 13 waterspouts reported over Lake Erie on Sunday and part of what's already a record year for sightings on the Great Lakes.
"2012 has seen so far a total of 154?waterspouts," Wade Szilagyi, a meteorologist with Canada's weather service and director of the International Centre for Waterspout Research, told NBC News.
"This shatters the old record of 94 waterspouts reported in 2003," he said, noting that the season runs into fall so the number will go higher.
Great Lakes waterspout records go back to 1994 and this summer also saw a new single-day record: 30 waterspouts reported on Sept. 9.
Szilagyi suspects two factors are at work: "a hot summer resulting in very warm water," which helps create the waterspouts, and increased use of social media for reporting them.
"Technology is improving through Twitter, Facebook, cell phone pics, etc.," he noted. "In the past we had a limited number of sources such as Coast Guard, pilot reports, ship reports, weather observations."
"In the future, as our climate gets warmer, thus heating the lakes, and as social media use increases even more, I expect increasing numbers of reported waterspouts," he added. "However, just like the stock market, there will be dips because some summers will be cool, but this will be less and less frequent with time."
Sunday's activity was part of a weekend-long outbreak that started Friday on Lake Superior. Four waterspouts were sighted that day, followed by eight on Saturday as cold air from Canada?moved down and?across the warmer lakes.
Szilagyi was actually able to predict the outbreak using an index he fully implemented this year after working on it for 18 years.
"We can now predict conditions that are favorable for waterspout development several days in advance," he said.
The weekend activity also caught the attention of locals who tweeted dozens of images, as well as other weather experts.
Weather.com, for one,?posted images and a video.
NBC News meteorologist Bill Karins retweeted a photo of the spout near Cleveland Browns Stadium.
icwa.org
This Great Lakes map shows the forecast for waterspouts on Monday. Red is the highest danger in the system devised by Wade Szilagyi.
"This one was weak and wouldn't have done much damage had it moved on shore," he noted. But had it done so, he added, it would have been categorized as a weak tornado.?
"Lots of people don't realize waterspouts happen frequently during warm months over the Great Lakes -- most people think Florida and the Keys are where they are the most frequent," he added.
As for those Cleveland fans who saw the spout, their team lost on Sunday but Mother Nature did provide a second treat, this time post-game: a double rainbow, Cleveland's newsnet5.com reported.
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Sprint's 4G LTE coverage may still be scarce, but if you're buying a new smartphone?you plan to use for the next two years, you should probably get a model that supports it. That seems to be what Samsung is counting on with the $99.99 Samsung Galaxy Victory 4G LTE. Right now, it's Sprint's only 4G LTE phone running Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) that costs less than $100, which will definitely help to move some units. But other than that, everything about this phone is just okay, from the call quality to the camera, to the processor and the display. It may be called the Victory, but it's too average to be a winner.
Design and Call Quality Measuring 4.8 by 2.5 by 0.5 inches (HWD) and weighing 4.9 ounces, the Victory is bulky for a phone with a 4-inch screen and no keyboard. It's made entirely of slippery, shiny gray plastic that looks and feels a little cheap. Really, everything about this phone suggests that it should be free.
The 4-inch, 800-by-480-pixel display looks perfectly adequate; there's just no wow factor. There are three capacitive touch keys that have been embossed onto the plastic chin beneath the display. I don't care for the look, and they don't work as reliably as on-display keys either. There is often a pronounced delay between pressing a key and the corresponding action taking place; I tapped twice on more than one occasion, though I'm not sure if I had to do that because of lag or because of my first tap didn't register. The onscreen keyboard is a little cramped for typing, but you get used to it.
The Victory supports Sprint's brand new 4G LTE network as well as its much slower 3G network. In this year's?Fastest Mobile Networks?tests we found Sprint's 3G network to be the slowest of the nationwide networks. We also got a chance to?test Sprint's 4G LTE network?and found it to be a vast improvement. Unfortunately, it's only available in a limited number of cities right now, so chances are you'll be stuck with significantly slower speeds until it comes to your town. Sprint LTE is not yet available in New York City, where we tested the Victory, so all of our tests were conducted over 3G.
Reception and call quality are average. Voices sound loud but fuzzy in the phone's earpiece. Transmissions through the mic are a bit muffled, and noise cancellation is average. I had no trouble pairing the phone with my?Jawbone Era?Bluetooth headset, and Samsung's Siri-like S Voice assistant worked well. The speakerphone sounds fine and is loud enough to use outdoors. Talk time over 3G was very good at 9 hours and 53 minutes.
Hardware, OS, and Apps Powered by a 1.2GHz dual-core Qualcomm MSM8960 Lite processor, the Victory's benchmark scores were good, but not great. The phone performs much stronger than Sprint's lower-end smartphones, but not quite near top-tier levels. It's still fine for gaming and running most of the 500,000+ apps or games available in the Google Play store, but you're not going to see the same performance as you would on the Galaxy S III; this phone actually has more in common with the Galaxy S II.
The Victory runs Android 4.0.4 (Ice Cream Sandwich) and there's no word yet on an update to Android 4.1 (Jelly Bean). Samsung has left its mark on the OS, but less so here than on its other new devices. You get five home screens to swipe between that come prepopulated with apps and widgets. Samsung has also added a tiny strip at the bottom of the home and app screens that allows you to slide through pages just by dragging a finger over it.
There's some undeletable bloatware, though mercifully less than we've seen on other new handsets recently. Some apps are worth a look, like Kies Air, which lets you view your phone's contacts, messages, and media through a PC's Web browser.?
You also get NFC support and Google Wallet comes preinstalled. And you can use Samsung's S Beam, which allows you to transfer files by tapping two phones together using a combination of NFC and Wi-Fi Direct.
Multimedia and Conclusions There's an empty, side-mounted microSD card slot on the left edge of the phone. My 32 and 64GB SanDisk cards worked fine in it. You also get 1.75GB of free internal storage.
All of our music test files played back except for FLAC, and sound quality was fine over Altec Lansing BackBeat?Bluetooth headphones, though there was some audible background noise over 3.5mm wired headphones. All test videos played back too, at resolutions up to 1080p, but audio stuttered on DivX files.
The 5-megapixel camera features autofocus and an LED flash. In keeping with the theme, performance is average. Shutter delay is pronounced, at 1.2 seconds. Photos look passable, but colors and details can both be sharper. The camera also records 720p video at 30 frames per second indoors and out, but it looks somewhat blurred. There's a 1.3 megapixel camera on the front of the phone for video chat.
The Samsung Galaxy Victory 4G LTE should be free; if it was, this would be a much different review. But at $100, it's just so overwhelmingly average that I'd recommend you double your investment for a phone with a lot more wow factor. Samsung's own Galaxy S III, or the HTC EVO 4G LTE ?both fit the bill. They have bigger, beautiful displays, faster processors, better cameras, and better call quality. You'll be happy with either one. The LG Viper?is Sprint's other sub-$100 LTE phone, but while it has a better camera and an eco-friendly build, it's still running Android 2.3 (Gingerbread), so whether or not that tradeoff is worth it is up to you.?
More Cell Phone Reviews: ??? Apple iPhone 5 (Verizon Wireless) ??? Samsung Galaxy Victory 4G LTE (Sprint) ??? Samsung Galaxy S Relay 4G (T-Mobile) ??? Plantronics Voyager Legend ??? Samsung Galaxy Stellar (Verizon Wireless) ?? more
Cheap imports are slowly suffocating the local manufacturing sector. The consumer, from the well-heeled to the low income earner, goes for quality and value for money. South African manufacturers cannot compete: the uncompetitive cost of labour and raw materials makes it close to impossible.
This means we need to consider new models. This is South Africa ? a land rich in resources, with 26% unemployment and a youth bulge. Add a little empowerment, some innovation, a spadeful of entrepreneurship? and possibilities begin to emerge that could give us that foothold we need to really become part of the global economy.
The youth of today leave school clutching their hard-won basic secondary certificates full of hope. They want to go to college, university, find a good job. Sadly, for many it remains a dream.
In the factories where low-level repetitive skills are required, the overwhelming majority of those employed are late middle-age men and women earning R35 to R40 an hour. They have been in these positions for many years. Many of them do not have the aptitude or ambition to improve their skills and knowledge, or take on greater responsibility.
Conversely, there are people with tertiary qualifications and degrees working at these jobs because there are no jobs for them in their chosen fields in the commercial sector. There is a lot wrong with this picture.
The older workers hold onto their jobs. The unions fight for higher wages. Labour legislation makes it impossible to employ competitively. There is no place for the youth ? who wants to employ an unproven worker with no practical skills at the wage government and the unions demand?
Everyone loses
The youth who needs an opportunity to work to discover his/her aptitude, talent or interest, has no real opportunity to do so. The business must overpay a long-service worker with limited skills to do a low-level job. The manufacturing industry does not get fresh blood and succession. The economy remains stagnant and shrinks because businesses become uncompetitive and must close their doors.
The youth have no skills. Entrepreneurship is stunted because those who have the fire and will, and are willing to take the risk to start something new, have no opportunity to begin to understand the fundamentals of business, manufacture, production, trade ? and identify gaps and opportunity.
A week in China
We could take a page from the copybooks of emerging countries that are showing growth ? if we were brave enough to move to new models.
A week in China puts things into perspective: factory workers, tool makers and managers are young, and they earn the equivalent of about R20 an hour. The country has a thriving manufacturing sector that regulations and strategic import/export policies are fashioning into an ever higher-value earnings model.
Or look at what Japan has achieved. Thirty years ago, Japanese lucky packets filled with cheap toys were what we recognised the country for, then it became known for its cheap motor vehicles. Today, the Japanese economy is wealthy, complex, thriving. From small beginnings?
Early sustained intervention
In South Africa, the youth of 1976 made an incredible statement. They had expectations, rights that were being abused. They spoke. The youth, in any country, is the future of that country. In Africa, the youth represent a dual challenge and opportunity.
A 2011 Brenthurst Foundation study, ?Putting Young Africans to Work, Addressing Africa?s youth unemployment crisis,? looked at the youth bulge in Africa, including South Africa. The statistics it provides are mind boggling.
At present, 20% of the global population is between the ages of 15 and 24. In Africa, by 2025, two-thirds of our population will be under 25 years of age. Globally, by 2025, African youth will represent one quarter of the world?s under-25 population.
Consider the potential advantage that could represent for Africa in the global economy. Instead, our youth are unemployed, badly educated, with little hope of new or quality jobs, no on-the-job learning opportunities, a Seta-led apprenticeship model that has failed, and little prospect of acquiring further education.
The answer for many of the disillusioned is likely to be emigration. For those without that opportunity, civil protest and crime may be the only outlet, leading to political instability and negative economic growth.
The Brenthurst Foundation study offers some answers. It highlights a common emphasis from across sectors ? government, business, those concerned with policy implementation and academia, and civil society ? for governments to reduce the costs of formalisation for businesses and workers alike if they are to address this challenge.
It goes on: ?This requires creating an environment in which labour is more productive and opportunities for innovation and growth are created ? largely by government setting the right conditions and then getting out of the way. It is business, not government, that will put young Africans to work in sufficient numbers to turn the continent?s population time bomb into a demographic boon.?
Nation building from the bottom up
Raw pigment becomes a masterpiece, base metal a tool. In South Africa we have an eager and youthful labour force. People want jobs. Without doubt we could stimulate the manufacturing sector by introducing new models of employee engagement that also drive skills growth and, very likely, entrepreneurship.
It is not just about on-the-job experience; identifying aptitude and interest has a lot to do with exposure. Understanding production, process and business principles like demand and supply, supply chain and market dynamics is what stimulates entrepreneurship.
Let us face it, we may never again be able to compete on price or output volumes with larger global manufacturers ? many manufacturing sectors in South Africa have simply fallen too far behind. But we can start small in high-value sectors where we have unique advantages.
Formal employment needs to become easier and less of a burden to business. At the same time, the civil rights of individuals must be protected. Some answers may be the establishment of a youth wage, a government subsidy for youth employment, or tax incentives for business to employ the youth. Business is keen; it sees the advantages.
Finding the right game for your Android device can be hard. Are you a tower defense kind of guy or are you in the mood for a Bejeweled clone? Do you like zombies? The military? Fart apps? Thankfully, there's the ![[ Back to EurekAlert! ]](http://www.eurekalert.org/images/back2e.gif){kind=small}
Public release date: 24-Sep-2012
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